Prevalence and factors associated with severe dengue cases in Maranhão
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26694/reufpi.v15i1.7104Keywords:
Dengue, Risk factors, Public health, Epidemiology, Health surveillanceAbstract
Objective: To examine the prevalence and factors related to the occurrence of severe dengue cases in Maranhão. Methods: Cross-sectional and analytical study using secondary data from confirmed dengue cases reported in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) between 2019 and 2023. Dengue classification followed the Ministry of Health criteria: dengue without warning signs, dengue with warning signs, and severe dengue. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs), considering a 5% significance level (p<0.05). Results: A total of 17,324 dengue cases were reported, including 100 (0.58%) severe dengue cases, with higher prevalence among individuals aged <10 years (35.0%), male gender (53.5%), mixed race (81.0%), and 0–8 years of schooling (72.2%). The most frequent clinical manifestations were cold extremities (30.0%), tachycardia and hematemesis (23.0%), and altered consciousness (19.0%). There was a significant association between hospitalization (OR=28.71; 95%CI 10.26–80.55; p<0.001) and death (OR=92.75; 95%CI 44.36–193.95; p<0.001) with severe dengue cases. High fatality rates were observed throughout the historical series, except in 2021. Conclusion: Sociodemographic and clinical factors influence dengue severity in Maranhão, demanding integrated prevention and early management strategies to reduce prevalence and fatality.
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