GIRO ESTÉTICO Y VANGUARDIA: ACERCA DE LA INFLUENCIA DEL PRAGMATISMO DE JOHN DEWEY EN ARTISTAS NORTEAMERICANOS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26694/pensando.v10i20.8678Keywords:
Pragmatismo, Federal Art Project, Black Mountain College, neovanguardias, educación, democraciaAbstract
En la vasta producción del filósofo pragmatista John Dewey (1859-1952) la estética y la filosofía del arte ocupan un rol central a partir de la década del veinte, lo que puede denominarse su giro estético. El objetivo de este artículo, a través de un enfoque histórico-filosófico, es mostrar la influencia de este giro en el desarrollo de las artes en Estados Unidos. En la primera sección se exponen los tres ejes de la estética del pensador pragmatista que más han influido en los artistas norteamericanos luego de la publicación de Art as Experience (1934). En la segunda y tercera sección se investigan los vínculos entre las filosofías del arte y de la educación de Dewey y dos instituciones claves para el desarrollo del arte norteamericano: el Black Mountain College y el Federal Art Project. Finalmente, se muestra la centralidad del pragmatismo deweyano en las neovanguardias estadounidenses y la originalidad de su aporte en la definición del concepto de contracultura, tal como se desarrolló después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial.
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