Coerentismo holístico e Direitos Humanos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26694/pensando.v2i3.549Palabras clave:
Coerentismo moral, direitos humanos, justificação públicaResumen
O objetivo deste artigo é identificar como a fundamentação ético-política dos direitos humanos na teoria da justiça de John Rawls utiliza-se de um modelo coerentista holístico de justificação moral em que se destacam o cognitivismo, o liberalismo, o pluralismo, o não-fundacionalismo e o intuicionismo mitigado, conduzindo a um modelo pragmático de fundamentação com uma justificação pública a partir da obra The Law of Peoples (LP). A ideia central é refletir sobre a razoabilidade da promoção universal dos direitos humanos como bens básicos que possuem as seguintes características: sua natureza política, não metafísica; seu modelo teórico coerentista holístico, não fundacionalista; sua função pragmática e sua justificação pública.
Citas
ALSTON, William. “Foundationalism”. In: DANCY, Jonathan; SOSA, Ernest; STEUP, Mathias (Eds.). A Companion to Epistemology. Second Edition. Oxford: Blackwell, 2010, p. 382-385.
AUDARD, Catherine. “Cultural Imperialism and ‘Democratic Peace’”. In: MARTIN; REIDY. Rawls’s Law of Peoples: A Realistic Utopia? Oxford: Blackwell, 2007a, p. 59-75.
_______. John Rawls. McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2007b.
AUDI, R. The Structure of Justification. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
_______. Epistemology: A Contemporary Introduction to the Theory of Knowledge. Second Edition. London: Routledge, 2003.
_______. “Foundationalism, Coherentism, and Epistemological Dogmatism”. Philosophical Perspectives, Vol. 2, Epistemology, 1988: 407-442.
BEITZ, Charles. “Justice and International Relations”. Philosophy & Public Affairs, Vol. 4, No. 4, 1975: 360-389.
BONJOUR, Laurence. The Structure of Empirical Knowledge. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1985.
_______. Epistemology: Classical Problems and Contemporary Responses. Second Edition. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2010.
BRINK, D. Moral Realism and the Foundations of Ethics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
BUCHANAN, Allen. “Rawls`s Law of Peoples”. Ethics, Vol. 110, 2000: 697-721.
_______. “Taking the Human out of Human Rights”. In: MARTIN; REIDY. Rawls’s Law of Peoples: A Realistic Utopia? Oxford: Blackwell, 2007, p. 150-168.
DANCY, Jonathan. Introduction to Contemporary Epistemology. Oxford: Blackwell, 2010a.
_______.”Moral Epistemology”. In: DANCY, Jonathan; SOSA, Ernest; STEUP, Mathias (Eds.). A Companion to Epistemology. Second Edition. Oxford: Blackwell, 2010b, p. 532-537.
DANIELS, Norman. “Wide Reflective Equilibrium and Theory Acceptance in Ethics”. Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 76, No. 5, 1979: 256-282.
_______. Justice and Justification: Reflective Equilibrium in Theory and Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
FREEMAN, Samuel. Rawls. New York: Routledge, 2007.
HINSCH, Wilfred; STEPANIANS, Markus. “Human Rights as Moral Claim Rights”. In: MARTIN; REIDY. Rawls’s Law of Peoples: A Realistic Utopia? Oxford: Blackwell, 2007, p. 117-133.
HUEMER, Michael. “Foundations and Coherence”. In: DANCY, Jonathan; SOSA, Ernest; STEUP, Mathias (Eds.). A Companion to Epistemology. Second Edition. Oxford: Blackwell, 2010, p. 22-33.
JAMIESON, Dale. “The Method and Moral Theory”. In: SINGER, Peter. A Companion to Ethics. Oxford: Blackwell, 2000, p. 476-490.
KANT, Immanuel. Toward Perpetual Peace. In: Practical Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006, p. 311-352.
LEHRER, Keith. “Coherentism”. In: DANCY, Jonathan; SOSA, Ernest; STEUP, Mathias (Eds.). A Companion to Epistemology. Second Edition. Oxford: Blackwell, 2010, p. 278-281.
MACLEOD, A. “Rawls’s Narrow Doctrine of Human Rights”. In: MARTIN; REIDY. Rawls’s Law of Peoples: A Realistic Utopia? Oxford: Blackwell, 2007, p. 134-149.
MAFFETTONE, Sebastiano. Rawls: An Introduction. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2010.
MARTIN, R.; REIDY, D. (Eds.). Rawls’s Law of Peoples: A Realistic Utopia? Oxford: Blackwell, 2007.
NUSSBAUM, Martha; SEN, Amartya. The Quality of Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.
PETTIT, Philip. “Rawls`s Political Ontology”. Politics, Philosophy & Economics, 4 (2), 2005: 157-174.
_______. “Rawls’s Peoples”. In: MARTIN; REIDY. Rawls’s Law of Peoples: A Realistic Utopia? Oxford: Blackwell, 2007, p. 38-56.
POGGE, T. “Cosmopolitanism and Sovereignty”. Ethics, Vol. 103, No. 1, 1992: 48-75.
RAWLS, John. A Theory of Justice. Original Edition. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971.
_______. A Theory of Justice. Revised Edition. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1999.
_______. Political Liberalism. New York: Columbia University Press, 1996.
_______. The Law of Peoples. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2001.
_______. Justice as Fairness: A Restatement. Ed. E. Kelly. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2001.
REIDY, David. “Political Authority and Human Rights”. In: MARTIN; REIDY. Rawls’s Law of Peoples: A Realistic Utopia? Oxford: Blackwell, 2007, p. 169-188.
SAYRE-McCORD, Geofrey. “Coherentism and the Justification of Moral Beliefs”. In: TIMMONS, Mark; SINNOTT-ARMSTRONG, Walter (Eds.). Moral Knowledge? Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996, p. 137-189. Reimpresso em SHAFER-LANDAU, Russ (Ed.). Ethical Theory: An Anthology. Oxford: Blackwell, 2007, p. 123-139.
SCHAEFER, David Lewis. Illiberal Justice: John Rawls vs. the American Political Tradition. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2007.
SOSA, Ernest. Knowledge in Perspective: Selected Essays in Epistemology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
SOSA, Ernest; KIM, Jaegwon (Eds.). Epistemology: An Anthology. Oxford: Blackwell, 2005.
UN (United Nations). UDHR. Universal Declaration of Human Rights em http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/ (12/06/09).
