Epidemiological overview of gestational and congenital syphilis in a health region in the Brazilian Amazon
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26694/reufpi.v14i1.6280Keywords:
Evidence-Based Medicine, Epidemiological Monitoring, Primary Prevention, Syphilis, Syphilis CongenitalAbstract
Objective: To determine the clinical, epidemiological, and spatial profile of gestational and congenital syphilis in a health region in the state of Pará. Methods: This is an analytical and ecological study conducted using data available in the Tabnet/DATASUS public database, from 15 municipalities belonging to the 12th Regional Health Center, Pará. Absolute and relative frequencies were used to characterize the cases. The absolute average annual variation was estimated by linear regression weighted by the municipal population. The correlation between municipal structural indicators and healthcare indicators, and the number of cases, was evaluated, with analyses conducted using Stata 18 software. Results: For the study period, 1,059 cases of gestational syphilis were detected, with the highest frequency in São Félix do Xingu with 21.6% of cases, in addition to VAMA with an average increase of 5.85 cases of gestational syphilis (95% CI = 2.14; 9.57; p = 0.006) per year. Conclusion: When evaluating the distribution of syphilis cases in the Araguaia health region, it was possible to suggest some associated gaps due to access to prenatal services and distribution of notifications [...].
References
Peeling RW, Mabey D, Kamb ML, Chen X-S, Radolf JD, Benzaken AS. Syphilis. Nat Rev Dis Primers [Internet]. 2017;3:17073. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2017.73
Levinson W, Joyce E, Nussbaum J, Schwartz B, Chin-Hong P. Review of medical microbiology and immunology. 15th ed. Columbus, OH, USA: McGraw-Hill Education; 2018.
WHO. World Health Organization. Syphilis. [cited 2024 May 8]. Available at: https://www.who.int/health-topics/syphilis.
Kojima N, Klausner JD. An update on the global epidemiology of syphilis. Curr Epidemiol Rep [Internet]. 2018;5(1):24–38. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40471-018-0138-z
CDC. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) [Internet]. Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). 2024. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/sti/?CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/std/statistics/2019/default.htm
França APFM, Sousa CM, Lima MSGA, Fonseca RRS, Laurentino RV, Monteiro JC, et al. High prevalence of syphilis among young pregnant women in the Brazilian Amazon: A cross-sectional study based on clinical records in a public health reference unit in the city of Belém. Pathogens [Internet]. 2024;13(8):686. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13080686
Moraes BQS, Feitosa AO, Wanderley RA, Machado MF. Trend analysis of clinical aspects of congenital syphilis in Brazil, 2009-2018. Rev Assoc Med Bras [Internet]. 2021;67(7):991–6. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20210432
Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Departamento de Doenças de Condições Crônicas e Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis. Protocolo Clínico e Diretrizes Terapêuticas para Atenção Integral às Pessoas com Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis – IST [recurso eletrônico] / Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Departamento de Doenças de Condições Crônicas e Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis. – Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2022. 211 p.: il. Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/protocolo_clinico_atecao_integral_ist.pdf
Fiocruz. Manual de Gestação de Alto Risco [Internet]. – Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2022 [cited 2024 May 26]. Available from: https://portaldeboaspraticas.iff.fiocruz.br/atencao-mulher/manual-de-gestacao-de-alto-risco-ms-2022/
Batista MIHM, Paulino MR, Castro KS, Gueiros LAM, Leão JC, Carvalho AAT. High prevalence of syphilis in a female prison unit in Northeastern Brazil. Einstein (Sao Paulo) [Internet]. 2020;18. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2020ao4978
Lopes OG, Ferreira AJF, Teles CASS, Paixao ES, Fiaccone R, Lana R, et al. Estimating the real burden of gestational syphilis in Brazil, 2007-2018: a Bayesian modeling study. Lancet Reg Health Am [Internet]. 2023;25:100564. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2023.100564
IBGE. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Censo brasileiro de 2022 – Pará [Internet]. Available from: https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/pa/panorama.
Moura JRA, Bezerra RA, Oriá MOB, Vieira NFC, Fialho AVM, Pinheiro AKB. Epidemiologia da Sífilis gestacional em um estado brasileiro: análise à luz da teoria socioecológica. Rev Esc Enferm USP [Internet]. 2021;55:e20200271. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2020-0271
Pires CP, Mareto LK, Medeiros MJ de, Oliveira EF. Associated factors, incidence, and management of gestational and congenital syphilis in a Brazilian state capital: a cross-sectional study. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo [Internet]. 2024;66:e21. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946202466021
Bezerra MLMB, Fernandes FECV, Oliveira Nunes JP, Araújo Baltar SLSM, Randau KP. Congenital syphilis as a measure of maternal and child healthcare, Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis [Internet]. 2019;25(8):1469–76. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2508.180298
Ribeiro EA, Mendonça JL, Alves NVA, Carvalhal MVL, Alves JAG, Teixeira AO. Panorama clínico epidemiológico e espacial da ocorrência de Leishmaniose Visceral no estado do Pará, Amazônia Brasileira.Arq Ciênc Saúde UNIPAR [Internet]. 2023;27(2):979–95. doi: https://doi.org/10.25110/arqsaude.v27i2.2023-026
Gao J, Chen X, Yang M, Wu Y, Liang T, Li H, et al. Adverse pregnancy outcomes and associated risk factors among pregnant women with syphilis during 2013-2018 in Hunan, China. Front Med (Lausanne) [Internet]. 2023;10:1207248. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1207248
Festa L, Prado MF, Jesuino ACS, Balda RCX, Tayra Â, Sañudo A, et al. Underreporting of unfavorable outcomes of congenital syphilis on the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, 2007-2018. Epidemiol Serv Saúde [Internet]. 2023;32(2):e2022664. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/S2237-96222023000200007
Dantas JC, Marinho CSR, Pinheiro YT, Ferreira MÂF, Silva RA. Spatial distribution of gestational syphilis in Brazil: Socioeconomic and health services inequalities. Am J Trop Med Hyg [Internet]. 2023;109(1):42–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.22-0449
Silva ÂAO, Leony LM, Souza WV, Freitas NEM, Daltro RT, Santos EF, et al. Spatiotemporal distribution analysis of syphilis in Brazil: Cases of congenital and syphilis in pregnant women from 2001-2017. PLoS One [Internet]. 2022;17(10): e0275 731. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275731Silva
Coelho EC, Souza SB, Costa CCS, Costa LM, Pinheiro LML, Machado LFA, et al. Treponema pallidum in female sex workers from the Brazilian Marajó Archipelago: prevalence, risk factors, drug-resistant mutations and coinfections. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg [Internet]. 2021;115(7):792–800. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/traa127
Orbe-Orihuela YC, Sánchez-Alemán MÁ, Hernández-Pliego A, Medina-García CV, Vergara-Ortega DN. Syphilis as re-emerging disease, antibiotic resistance, and vulnerable population: Global systematic review and meta-analysis. Pathogens [Internet]. 2022;11(12):1546. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11121546
Hopkins AO, Trinh T, Fakile YF, Pillay A, Taylor MM, Kersh E, et al. Evaluation of the WHO/CDC Syphilis Serology Proficiency Programme to support the global elimination of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis: an observational cross-sectional study, 2008-2015. BMJ Open [Internet]. 2020;10(1):e029434. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029434
Rocha GST, Vieira RNB, Fortes AKMR, Jorge HMF, Dutok-Sánchez CM. Epidemiological profile of gestational and congenital syphilis in the municipality of Teresina, Piauí. Rev Enferm UFPI [Internet]. 2023;12(1):1-9. Available from: https://periodicos.ufpi.br/index.php/reufpi/article/view/4234
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Rev Enferm UFPI
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Autores mantém os direitos autorais e concedem à REUFPI o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attibution BY 4.0 que permite o compartilhamento do trabalho com reconhecimento da autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
