DIAGNÓSTICO SOCIOAMBIENTAL DA PORÇÃO OESTE DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO GUARIBAS, PIAUÍ

Abstract

The hydrographic basin has gained prominence on the world scene in recent decades as an important unit of analysis, considering that water resources have become the object of several researches, both on quality and on the growing scarcity of water, as a way to generate important subsidies to environmental management policies. In this perspective, the present work aims to carry out the socio-environmental characterization of the western portion of the Guaribas river basin, located in a very productive area of ​​the Southeast Piauinese Mesoregion. The methodological steps included: bibliographic research, elaboration of maps and fieldwork to support the final analysis. From the survey of environmental characteristics, it was found that the study area is predominantly settled on rocks from the Sedimentary Basin of Parnaíba and that the geomorphological aspects are characterized by the predominance of terrains with flat to gently wavy slopes and altitudes ranging from 170 to 710 m, with the highest forms constituted by the tabuliform plateaus and the chapadas. The predominant soils in the study area are Litholic Neosols and Yellow Latosols and its vegetation cover is characterized by caatinga, but with some areas with transitional environments for cerrado vegetation and patches of carnaubais. The population aspects of this area point to a dynamic of social indicators, with an increase in population and improvements in the IDHM in 2010 compared to 2000. The results also indicate significant changes in local landscapes, as a consequence of different forms of land use , developed without apparent sustainable soil management measures.